"թշնամի" meaning in All languages combined

See թշնամի on Wiktionary

Noun [Armenian]

IPA: /tʰəʃnɑˈmi/ [Eastern-Armenian], [tʰəʃnɑmí] [Eastern-Armenian], /təʃnɑˈmi/ [Western-Armenian], [tʰəʃnɑmí] [Western-Armenian] Audio: Hy-թշնամի.ogg
Etymology: From Old Armenian թշնամի (tʻšnami). A doublet of դուշման (dušman). Etymology templates: {{uder|hy|xcl|թշնամի}} Old Armenian թշնամի (tʻšnami), {{doublet|hy|դուշման|nocap=1}} doublet of դուշման (dušman) Head templates: {{head|hy|noun|||||||cat2=|g=|head=|id=}} թշնամի • (tʻšnami), {{hy-noun}} թշնամի • (tʻšnami) Inflection templates: {{hy-decl-noun|թշնամի|11=թշնամուն|11s=թշնամիներիցս|13=թշնամիների|13s=թշնամովս, թշնամիովս|15=թշնամիներին|15s=թշնամիներովս|17=թշնամուց|17s=—|19=թշնամիներից|19s=—|1s=թշնամիս|21=թշնամով, թշնամիով|21s=թշնամիդ|23=թշնամիներով|23s=թշնամիներդ|25=—|25s=թշնամուդ|27=—|27s=թշնամիներիդ|29s=թշնամուցդ|3=թշնամին|31s=թշնամիներիցդ|33s=թշնամովդ, թշնամիովդ|35s=թշնամիներովդ|37s=—|39s=—|3s=թշնամիներս|5=թշնամիներ|5s=թշնամուս|7=թշնամիները/թշնամիներն|7s=թշնամիներիս|9=թշնամու|9s=թշնամուցս|inf=|n=|note=|stem=u-type, animate}} Forms: tʻšnami [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], թշնամի [nominative, singular], թշնամիներ [nominative, plural], թշնամու [dative, singular], թշնամիների [dative, plural], թշնամուց [ablative, singular], թշնամիներից [ablative, plural], թշնամով [instrumental, singular], թշնամիով [instrumental, singular], թշնամիներով [instrumental, plural], - [locative, singular], - [locative, plural], թշնամին [definite, nominative, singular], թշնամիները [definite, nominative, plural], թշնամիներն [definite, nominative, plural], թշնամուն [dative, definite, singular], թշնամիներին [dative, definite, plural], թշնամիս [first-person, nominative, possessive, singular], թշնամիներս [first-person, nominative, plural, possessive], թշնամուս [dative, first-person, possessive, singular], թշնամիներիս [dative, first-person, plural, possessive], թշնամուցս [ablative, first-person, possessive, singular], թշնամիներիցս [ablative, first-person, plural, possessive], թշնամովս [first-person, instrumental, possessive, singular], թշնամիովս [first-person, instrumental, possessive, singular], թշնամիներովս [first-person, instrumental, plural, possessive], - [first-person, locative, possessive, singular], - [first-person, locative, plural, possessive], թշնամիդ [nominative, possessive, second-person, singular], թշնամիներդ [nominative, plural, possessive, second-person], թշնամուդ [dative, possessive, second-person, singular], թշնամիներիդ [dative, plural, possessive, second-person], թշնամուցդ [ablative, possessive, second-person, singular], թշնամիներիցդ [ablative, plural, possessive, second-person], թշնամովդ [instrumental, possessive, second-person, singular], թշնամիովդ [instrumental, possessive, second-person, singular], թշնամիներովդ [instrumental, plural, possessive, second-person], - [locative, possessive, second-person, singular], - [locative, plural, possessive, second-person]
  1. enemy

Noun [Old Armenian]

Etymology: From *թշման (*tʻšman) (under the influence of թշնամ- (tʻšnam-)), from *դշման (*dšman), from Iranian, + -ի (-i). Compare Manichaean Parthian 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗 (dwšmn), 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫏𐫗 (dwšmyn /⁠dušmen⁠/, “enemy”), Persian دشمن (došman, “enemy”); see there for more. Etymology templates: {{uder|xcl|ira|-}} Iranian, {{suffix|xcl||ի}} + -ի (-i), {{cog|xpr|𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗}} Parthian 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗 (dwšmn), {{cog|fa|دشمن|t=enemy|tr=došman}} Persian دشمن (došman, “enemy”) Head templates: {{head|xcl|noun|cat2=|g=|head=}} թշնամի • (tʻšnami), {{xcl-noun}} թշնամի • (tʻšnami) Inflection templates: {{xcl-decl-noun|թշնամի|11=թշնամեաց|13=թշնամի|15=թշնամիս|17=թշնամւոյ|19=թշնամեաց|21=թշնամեաւ|23=թշնամեաւք = թշնամեօք|25=թշնամի|27=թշնամիս|3=թշնամիք|5=թշնամւոյ|7=թշնամեաց|9=թշնամւոյ|note=The genitive can be <i class="Armn mention" lang="xcl">թշնամոյ</i> (tʻšnamoy) in older manuscripts.|type=o-a-type}} Forms: tʻšnami [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], թշնամի [nominative, singular], թշնամիք [nominative, plural], թշնամւոյ [genitive, singular], թշնամեաց [genitive, plural], թշնամւոյ [dative, singular], թշնամեաց [dative, plural], թշնամի [accusative, singular], թշնամիս [accusative, plural], թշնամւոյ [ablative, singular], թշնամեաց [ablative, plural], թշնամեաւ [instrumental, singular], թշնամեաւք = թշնամեօք (tʻšnameawkʻ = tʻšnameōkʻ) [instrumental, plural], թշնամի [locative, singular], թշնամիս [locative, plural]
  1. enemy, foe, adversary, opponent, antagonist Derived forms: թշնամաբար (tʻšnamabar), թշնամական (tʻšnamakan), թշնամասէր (tʻšnamasēr), թշնամեբար (tʻšnamebar), թշնամենամ (tʻšnamenam), թշնամիմ (tʻšnamim), թշնամութիւն (tʻšnamutʻiwn)
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "xcl",
        "3": "թշնամի"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian թշնամի (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "դուշման",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet of դուշման (dušman)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Armenian թշնամի (tʻšnami). A doublet of դուշման (dušman).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻšnami",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hy-noun-ու-ներ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամի",
      "roman": "tʻšnami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամու",
      "roman": "tʻšnamu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիների",
      "roman": "tʻšnamineri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուց",
      "roman": "tʻšnamucʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներից",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminericʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամով",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիով",
      "roman": "tʻšnamov, tʻšnamiov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներով",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամին",
      "roman": "tʻšnamin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիները",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներն",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerə/tʻšnaminern",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուն",
      "roman": "tʻšnamun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներին",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներս",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminers",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներիս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamineris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուցս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamucʻs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներիցս",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminericʻs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամովս",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիովս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamovs, tʻšnamiovs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներովս",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerovs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamud",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներիդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուցդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamucʻd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներիցդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminericʻd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամովդ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիովդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamovd, tʻšnamiovd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներովդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerovd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "թշնամի • (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "թշնամի • (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "hy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "թշնամի",
        "11": "թշնամուն",
        "11s": "թշնամիներիցս",
        "13": "թշնամիների",
        "13s": "թշնամովս, թշնամիովս",
        "15": "թշնամիներին",
        "15s": "թշնամիներովս",
        "17": "թշնամուց",
        "17s": "—",
        "19": "թշնամիներից",
        "19s": "—",
        "1s": "թշնամիս",
        "21": "թշնամով, թշնամիով",
        "21s": "թշնամիդ",
        "23": "թշնամիներով",
        "23s": "թշնամիներդ",
        "25": "—",
        "25s": "թշնամուդ",
        "27": "—",
        "27s": "թշնամիներիդ",
        "29s": "թշնամուցդ",
        "3": "թշնամին",
        "31s": "թշնամիներիցդ",
        "33s": "թշնամովդ, թշնամիովդ",
        "35s": "թշնամիներովդ",
        "37s": "—",
        "39s": "—",
        "3s": "թշնամիներս",
        "5": "թշնամիներ",
        "5s": "թշնամուս",
        "7": "թշնամիները/թշնամիներն",
        "7s": "թշնամիներիս",
        "9": "թշնամու",
        "9s": "թշնամուցս",
        "inf": "",
        "n": "",
        "note": "",
        "stem": "u-type, animate"
      },
      "name": "hy-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Armenian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "My enemy's enemy is not my ally.",
          "roman": "Tʻšnamus tʻšnamin im dašnakicʻə čʻē.",
          "text": "Թշնամուս թշնամին իմ դաշնակիցը չէ։",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "enemy"
      ],
      "id": "en-թշնամի-hy-noun-ZhDMVSRp",
      "links": [
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰəʃnɑˈmi/",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tʰəʃnɑmí]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/təʃnɑˈmi/",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tʰəʃnɑmí]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Hy-թշնամի.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Hy-%D5%A9%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB.ogg/Hy-%D5%A9%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Hy-%D5%A9%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "թշնամի"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "թշնամի"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: թշնամի (tʻšnami)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: թշնամի (tʻšnami)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ira",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Iranian",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ի"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ի (-i)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpr",
        "2": "𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗"
      },
      "expansion": "Parthian 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗 (dwšmn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "دشمن",
        "t": "enemy",
        "tr": "došman"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian دشمن (došman, “enemy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *թշման (*tʻšman) (under the influence of թշնամ- (tʻšnam-)), from *դշման (*dšman), from Iranian, + -ի (-i). Compare Manichaean Parthian 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗 (dwšmn), 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫏𐫗 (dwšmyn /⁠dušmen⁠/, “enemy”), Persian دشمن (došman, “enemy”); see there for more.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻšnami",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-noun-ո-ա",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-type",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամի",
      "roman": "tʻšnami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիք",
      "roman": "tʻšnamikʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամւոյ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamwoy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաց",
      "roman": "tʻšnameacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամւոյ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamwoy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաց",
      "roman": "tʻšnameacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամի",
      "roman": "tʻšnami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամւոյ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamwoy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաց",
      "roman": "tʻšnameacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաւ",
      "roman": "tʻšnameaw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաւք = թշնամեօք (tʻšnameawkʻ = tʻšnameōkʻ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամի",
      "roman": "tʻšnami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "թշնամի • (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "թշնամի • (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "xcl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "թշնամի",
        "11": "թշնամեաց",
        "13": "թշնամի",
        "15": "թշնամիս",
        "17": "թշնամւոյ",
        "19": "թշնամեաց",
        "21": "թշնամեաւ",
        "23": "թշնամեաւք = թշնամեօք",
        "25": "թշնամի",
        "27": "թշնամիս",
        "3": "թշնամիք",
        "5": "թշնամւոյ",
        "7": "թշնամեաց",
        "9": "թշնամւոյ",
        "note": "The genitive can be <i class=\"Armn mention\" lang=\"xcl\">թշնամոյ</i> (tʻšnamoy) in older manuscripts.",
        "type": "o-a-type"
      },
      "name": "xcl-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian terms suffixed with -ի",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "tʻšnamabar",
          "word": "թշնամաբար"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tʻšnamakan",
          "word": "թշնամական"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tʻšnamasēr",
          "word": "թշնամասէր"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tʻšnamebar",
          "word": "թշնամեբար"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tʻšnamenam",
          "word": "թշնամենամ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tʻšnamim",
          "word": "թշնամիմ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tʻšnamutʻiwn",
          "word": "թշնամութիւն"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the Devil, the invisible enemy of mankind, demon",
          "roman": "anerewuytʻ/hasarakacʻ tʻšnami",
          "text": "աներեւույթ/հասարակաց թշնամի",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to become hostile; to be hostile",
          "roman": "tʻšnami linel",
          "text": "թշնամի լինել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to be one's eternal enemy",
          "roman": "linel umekʻ i tʻšnami yawitenicʻ",
          "text": "լինել ումեք ի թշնամի յաւիտենից",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to raise up enemies",
          "roman": "tʻšnamis yarucʻanel",
          "text": "թշնամիս յարուցանել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "a man's foes shall be they of his own household",
          "roman": "tʻšnamikʻ aṙn əntanikʻ iwr",
          "text": "թշնամիք առն ընտանիք իւր",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "intestine foe",
          "roman": "əntani tʻšnami",
          "text": "ընտանի թշնամի",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Physiologus says about the panther, that it has such a custom: it is dear to all animals, but hostile only to the dragon. It is multicolored like Joseph's robe of many colours, it is beautiful and adorned.",
          "ref": "5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).19.2–4",
          "roman": "Translation by Gohar Muradyan",
          "text": "Բարոյախաւսն ասէ զյովազէ, թէ այսպիսի բարս ունի, որ ամենայն անասնոց սիրելի է, բայց միայն աւձի թշնամի է․ ամենախայտ է, իբրեւ զծաղկեայ պատմուճանն Յովսեփու, գեղեցիկ եւ զարդարուն։\nBaroyaxawsn asē zyovazē, tʻē ayspisi bars uni, or amenayn anasnocʻ sireli ē, baycʻ miayn awji tʻšnami ē; amenaxayt ē, ibrew zcałkeay patmučann Yovsepʻu, gełecʻik ew zardarun."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "enemy, foe, adversary, opponent, antagonist"
      ],
      "id": "en-թշնամի-xcl-noun-TV1TuQSI",
      "links": [
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ],
        [
          "foe",
          "foe"
        ],
        [
          "adversary",
          "adversary"
        ],
        [
          "opponent",
          "opponent"
        ],
        [
          "antagonist",
          "antagonist"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "թշնամի"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "xcl",
        "3": "թշնամի"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian թշնամի (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "դուշման",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet of դուշման (dušman)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Armenian թշնամի (tʻšnami). A doublet of դուշման (dušman).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻšnami",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hy-noun-ու-ներ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամի",
      "roman": "tʻšnami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամու",
      "roman": "tʻšnamu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիների",
      "roman": "tʻšnamineri",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուց",
      "roman": "tʻšnamucʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներից",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminericʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամով",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիով",
      "roman": "tʻšnamov, tʻšnamiov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներով",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամին",
      "roman": "tʻšnamin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիները",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներն",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerə/tʻšnaminern",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուն",
      "roman": "tʻšnamun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներին",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներս",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminers",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներիս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamineris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուցս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamucʻs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներիցս",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminericʻs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամովս",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիովս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamovs, tʻšnamiovs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներովս",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerovs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamud",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներիդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամուցդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamucʻd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներիցդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminericʻd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամովդ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիովդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamovd, tʻšnamiovd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիներովդ",
      "roman": "tʻšnaminerovd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "թշնամի • (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "թշնամի • (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "hy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "թշնամի",
        "11": "թշնամուն",
        "11s": "թշնամիներիցս",
        "13": "թշնամիների",
        "13s": "թշնամովս, թշնամիովս",
        "15": "թշնամիներին",
        "15s": "թշնամիներովս",
        "17": "թշնամուց",
        "17s": "—",
        "19": "թշնամիներից",
        "19s": "—",
        "1s": "թշնամիս",
        "21": "թշնամով, թշնամիով",
        "21s": "թշնամիդ",
        "23": "թշնամիներով",
        "23s": "թշնամիներդ",
        "25": "—",
        "25s": "թշնամուդ",
        "27": "—",
        "27s": "թշնամիներիդ",
        "29s": "թշնամուցդ",
        "3": "թշնամին",
        "31s": "թշնամիներիցդ",
        "33s": "թշնամովդ, թշնամիովդ",
        "35s": "թշնամիներովդ",
        "37s": "—",
        "39s": "—",
        "3s": "թշնամիներս",
        "5": "թշնամիներ",
        "5s": "թշնամուս",
        "7": "թշնամիները/թշնամիներն",
        "7s": "թշնամիներիս",
        "9": "թշնամու",
        "9s": "թշնամուցս",
        "inf": "",
        "n": "",
        "note": "",
        "stem": "u-type, animate"
      },
      "name": "hy-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Armenian",
  "lang_code": "hy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Armenian doublets",
        "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Armenian lemmas",
        "Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Armenian nouns",
        "Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian",
        "Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Armenian terms with usage examples",
        "Armenian undefined derivations",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "My enemy's enemy is not my ally.",
          "roman": "Tʻšnamus tʻšnamin im dašnakicʻə čʻē.",
          "text": "Թշնամուս թշնամին իմ դաշնակիցը չէ։",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "enemy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰəʃnɑˈmi/",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tʰəʃnɑmí]",
      "tags": [
        "Eastern-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/təʃnɑˈmi/",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[tʰəʃnɑmí]",
      "tags": [
        "Western-Armenian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Hy-թշնամի.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Hy-%D5%A9%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB.ogg/Hy-%D5%A9%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Hy-%D5%A9%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "թշնամի"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "tʻšnamabar",
      "word": "թշնամաբար"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻšnamakan",
      "word": "թշնամական"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻšnamasēr",
      "word": "թշնամասէր"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻšnamebar",
      "word": "թշնամեբար"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻšnamenam",
      "word": "թշնամենամ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻšnamim",
      "word": "թշնամիմ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tʻšnamutʻiwn",
      "word": "թշնամութիւն"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "թշնամի"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: թշնամի (tʻšnami)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: թշնամի (tʻšnami)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ira",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Iranian",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ի"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ի (-i)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpr",
        "2": "𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗"
      },
      "expansion": "Parthian 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗 (dwšmn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "دشمن",
        "t": "enemy",
        "tr": "došman"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian دشمن (došman, “enemy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *թշման (*tʻšman) (under the influence of թշնամ- (tʻšnam-)), from *դշման (*dšman), from Iranian, + -ի (-i). Compare Manichaean Parthian 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫗 (dwšmn), 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫏𐫗 (dwšmyn /⁠dušmen⁠/, “enemy”), Persian دشمن (došman, “enemy”); see there for more.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tʻšnami",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-noun-ո-ա",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-type",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամի",
      "roman": "tʻšnami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիք",
      "roman": "tʻšnamikʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամւոյ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamwoy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաց",
      "roman": "tʻšnameacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամւոյ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamwoy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաց",
      "roman": "tʻšnameacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամի",
      "roman": "tʻšnami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամւոյ",
      "roman": "tʻšnamwoy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաց",
      "roman": "tʻšnameacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաւ",
      "roman": "tʻšnameaw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամեաւք = թշնամեօք (tʻšnameawkʻ = tʻšnameōkʻ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամի",
      "roman": "tʻšnami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "թշնամիս",
      "roman": "tʻšnamis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "թշնամի • (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "թշնամի • (tʻšnami)",
      "name": "xcl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "թշնամի",
        "11": "թշնամեաց",
        "13": "թշնամի",
        "15": "թշնամիս",
        "17": "թշնամւոյ",
        "19": "թշնամեաց",
        "21": "թշնամեաւ",
        "23": "թշնամեաւք = թշնամեօք",
        "25": "թշնամի",
        "27": "թշնամիս",
        "3": "թշնամիք",
        "5": "թշնամւոյ",
        "7": "թշնամեաց",
        "9": "թշնամւոյ",
        "note": "The genitive can be <i class=\"Armn mention\" lang=\"xcl\">թշնամոյ</i> (tʻšnamoy) in older manuscripts.",
        "type": "o-a-type"
      },
      "name": "xcl-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Armenian lemmas",
        "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Old Armenian nouns",
        "Old Armenian terms derived from Iranian languages",
        "Old Armenian terms suffixed with -ի",
        "Old Armenian terms with quotations",
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples",
        "Old Armenian undefined derivations",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the Devil, the invisible enemy of mankind, demon",
          "roman": "anerewuytʻ/hasarakacʻ tʻšnami",
          "text": "աներեւույթ/հասարակաց թշնամի",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to become hostile; to be hostile",
          "roman": "tʻšnami linel",
          "text": "թշնամի լինել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to be one's eternal enemy",
          "roman": "linel umekʻ i tʻšnami yawitenicʻ",
          "text": "լինել ումեք ի թշնամի յաւիտենից",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to raise up enemies",
          "roman": "tʻšnamis yarucʻanel",
          "text": "թշնամիս յարուցանել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "a man's foes shall be they of his own household",
          "roman": "tʻšnamikʻ aṙn əntanikʻ iwr",
          "text": "թշնամիք առն ընտանիք իւր",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "intestine foe",
          "roman": "əntani tʻšnami",
          "text": "ընտանի թշնամի",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Physiologus says about the panther, that it has such a custom: it is dear to all animals, but hostile only to the dragon. It is multicolored like Joseph's robe of many colours, it is beautiful and adorned.",
          "ref": "5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).19.2–4",
          "roman": "Translation by Gohar Muradyan",
          "text": "Բարոյախաւսն ասէ զյովազէ, թէ այսպիսի բարս ունի, որ ամենայն անասնոց սիրելի է, բայց միայն աւձի թշնամի է․ ամենախայտ է, իբրեւ զծաղկեայ պատմուճանն Յովսեփու, գեղեցիկ եւ զարդարուն։\nBaroyaxawsn asē zyovazē, tʻē ayspisi bars uni, or amenayn anasnocʻ sireli ē, baycʻ miayn awji tʻšnami ē; amenaxayt ē, ibrew zcałkeay patmučann Yovsepʻu, gełecʻik ew zardarun."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "enemy, foe, adversary, opponent, antagonist"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ],
        [
          "foe",
          "foe"
        ],
        [
          "adversary",
          "adversary"
        ],
        [
          "opponent",
          "opponent"
        ],
        [
          "antagonist",
          "antagonist"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "թշնամի"
}

Download raw JSONL data for թշնամի meaning in All languages combined (14.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.